E-invoicing compliance and regulatory updates - Germany
Last reviewed: July 9, 2026
Electronic Invoicing in Germany
Is e-invoicing mandatory in Germany ?
Germany is gradually enforcing e-invoicing. The mandate phase-in began January 2025, requiring businesses to accept e-invoices, and is fully enforced by January 2028, when all suppliers and buyers must issue electronic invoices.
Who is affected?
All German businesses with a registered VAT ID must comply with the mandate requirements.
Compliance requirements
Businesses must prepare for the phased B2B e-invoicing rollout, ensuring compliance by issuing invoices in structured formats compliant with the EN16931 semantic model by the defined deadlines. The mandate applies to domestic invoicing. There is no defined transmission framework that must be used.
Frequently asked questions
Find clear answers to the most common questions about the German e-invoicing mandate.
Want to learn more about e-Invoicing compliance?
Download our Global e-invoicing and Tax Compliance fact sheet here for more information.
Key Deadlines
- January 1, 2025: All German businesses must accept electronic invoices in a structured format.
- January 1, 2027: Companies with an annual turnover of at least 800,000 euros must issue e-invoices that comply with EN16931.
- January 1, 2028: All companies must issue invoices electronically in compliance with EN16931.
Standards & Platforms
What formats are required in Germany?
Invoices must comply with the EN16931 semantic model. Examples of accepted formats include ZUGFeRD, XRechnung, and Peppol BIS. Any format that meets EN16931 requirements is acceptable. There is no government-mandated platform for invoice submission.
Archiving in Germany
What are the archiving requirements in Germany?
E-invoices must be archived in their original received format without alterations. Businesses must retain e-invoices for 10 years from the end of the year in which they were issued. Some invoices may require longer retention periods. VAT-related documents cannot be deleted after the 10-year period if they are still needed for tax purposes. In a clarification, the Finance ministry has stated that attachments must be stored with the invoice.
Legal invoice:
- For suppliers: The legal invoice is the e-invoice sent to the recipient in the format they receive. If sent via email, the email is part of the legal invoice.
- For buyers: The legal invoice is the e-invoice received from the supplier in its original format. If sent via email, the email is part of the legal invoice.
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Key Actions
- Ensure Compliance – Prepare to issue and receive e-invoices in EN-16931 formats by the required deadlines.
- Communicate with Suppliers – Align invoicing processes with suppliers for a smooth transition.
- Archive e-Invoices – Ensure compliance with archiving regulations.
German E-Invoicing and Archiving requirements at a glance:
| B2G | Mandatory | Since November 2020 (Federal level), with gradual state-level implementation |
| B2B | Mandatory | Phased enforcement from January 2025 |
Supplier requirement: B2B-invoices must be sent in an EN16931-compliant format to the buyer
Buyer requirement: German buyers are required to be able to receive invoices in electronic format complying to the EN 16931 norm. Public buyers may be required to utilize respective portals.
Archiving requirement: Both the supplier and buyer must archive legal for at least 10 years from the end of the year the document was issued. VAT-related documents cannot be deleted before the required retention period.
